National Commission for Scheduled Castes (NC-SCs)
- Establishment: Established under Article 338 of the Constitution as a result of the 65th Constitutional Amendment Act of 1990.
- Purpose: The commission was set up to safeguard the interests of the Scheduled Castes (SCs).
- Structure: It consists of a chairperson, a vice-chairperson, and three other members.
- Appointment: Members are appointed by the President of India.
- Tenure: Their conditions of service and tenure of office are determined by the President.
- Chairperson: Kishor Makwana currently (March 2024) holds this position.
National Commission for Scheduled Tribes (NC-STs)
- Establishment: Established under Article 338A of the Constitution by the 89th Constitutional Amendment Act of 2003.
- Purpose: The commission was set up to safeguard the interests of the Scheduled Tribes (STs).
- Structure: The structure is similar to the National Commission for Scheduled Castes.
- Appointment: Members are appointed by the President of India.
- Tenure: Conditions of service and tenure of office are determined by the President.
- Chairperson: Harsh Chouhan currently holds this position.
National Commission for Backward Classes (NCBC)
- Establishment: The National Commission for Backward Classes was initially set up in 1993 as a statutory body following the Supreme Court's Mandal case judgment (1992).
- Constitutional Status: The 102nd Amendment Act of 2018 gave the Commission constitutional status, making it a constitutional body under Article 338B.
- Purpose: It examines complaints related to under-inclusion, over-inclusion, or non-inclusion of any class of citizens in the list of backward classes.
- Structure: The commission consists of a chairperson, a vice-chairperson, and other members.
- Appointment: Members are appointed by the President of India.
- Chairperson: Hansraj Gangaram Ahir currently holds this position.
Special Officer for Linguistic Minorities
- Establishment: The Seventh Constitutional Amendment Act of 1956 inserted Article 350-B in the Constitution, establishing the role of the Special Officer for Linguistic Minorities.
- Purpose: The Special Officer is responsible for safeguarding the interests of linguistic minorities across India.
- Appointment: The President appoints the Special Officer for Linguistic Minorities.
- Current Officer: Srinivas Danda currently holds this position.
