Peninsular Plateau
- Includes entire south India, central India, Aravallis, Rajmahal hills, Meghalaya plateau, Kutch-Kathiawar region (Gujarat) etc.
- It is the oldest and the most stable landmass of India.
Himalayas
- Includes the Himalayas, Purvanchal and their extensions Arakan Yoma (Myanmar) and Andaman and Nicobar Islands (but we consider these as islands only).
- It is the youngest and highly unstable landmass of India. (
- Tectonic movements are widespread.
Indo-Gangetic Plain
- The monotonous region (featureless topography) between Peninsular and Himalayan region.
- Most youthful region prone to tectonic forces.
Coastal Plains
- Eastern Coastal Plains and Western Coastal Plains.
- It is formed due to the consolidation of sediments brought by rivers (fluvial deposits).
- Highly stable just like the peninsular plateau.
Indian Islands
- Two major groups – Lakshadweep (coral islands) and, Andaman and Nicobar Islands (tectonic islands).
- Lakshadweep (part of Reunion Hotspot Volcanic chain) are a group of atolls occupied by coral reefs.
- Andaman and Nicobar Islands is a continuation of Arakan Yoma.
- The islands have volcanoes (Barren Island is the only active volcano) and are tectonically active.
